What are common types of tree fungi?

There are many types of tree fungi, but some of the most common include: bracket fungi, powdery mildew, rusts, and verticillium wilt. Bracket fungi appear as shelf-like structures on a tree trunk and are common on older trees. Powdery mildew appears as a fine white or gray coating and for most tree species, and is more of a cosmetic issue rather than a health problem. Rusts discolor leaves and needles and cause tiny bumps, which contain spores, that can infect other plants. Verticillium wilt is a soil-borne fungus. Wilting and yellowing of leaves can be an effect of the fungus.

How does fungi penetrate trees?

Fungi can penetrate trees in several ways. One common method is through wounds or openings in the tree's bark. Fungi can enter through these areas and establish itself within the tree. Fungi can also penetrate trees through spores. When these spores land on a tree, they can germinate and send out hyphae, which are fine, thread-like structures that penetrate the tree's tissues. The type of fungus, the tree species, and the health of the tree can effect the ability for fungi to penetrate trees.

How does fungi affect trees?

Fungi affects trees based on the type of fungi and the health of the tree:

• Decay and Decomposition: Wood decay can be an effect of certain fungi. This can weaken branches and the trunk, making the tree more susceptible to breakage or toppling.

• Nutrient and Water Imbalance: Fungal infections can interfere with the tree's ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. This can lead to nutrient deficiencies, dehydration, and overall decline in tree health.

• Foliage and Fruit Damage: Some fungi can attack tree foliage or fruits, causing discoloration, wilting, curling, and premature leaf drop. Tree weakening, a decrease in its photosynthetic capacity, and altered fruit production, can be effects of fungi.

• Disease Transmission: Certain fungi act as pathogens, spreading infectious diseases among trees.

• Long-term Decline: chronic fungi infections can gradually weaken a tree over time, affecting its long-term health and vigor. This can make the tree more vulnerable to other stressors such as pests, environmental factors, or additional diseases.

Are certain environments more prone to tree fungi?

Certain environments are more prone to tree fungi due to specific environmental factors. Plant stress, caused by environmental conditions such as moisture deficit from drought, can predispose trees to fungal attacks. Different types of fungi may require specific environmental conditions to thrive, including temperature, humidity, and nutrient availability. For example, the humidity present in central Mississippi's climate, can allow for fungi to grow on trees.

What to do about tree fungi?

When dealing with tree fungi, the specific treatment approach may vary depending on the type of fungus and the severity of the infection:

• Prune Infected Areas: Start by pruning and removing all infected and dead branches, twigs, and leaves. This can help reduce the spread of the fungus and improve the tree's overall health.

• Monitor and Prevent: Regularly inspect the tree for any signs of recurring or new fungal infections. Implement preventive measures such as pruning to improve airflow, avoiding overwatering, and maintaining good tree hygiene.

• To have trees pruned or removed, due to fungus, contact A Cutting Edge Tree Service at (601) 470-6825.